中国教育在线

　　[析] 英语形容词的构词法很多，其中之一是由形容词，或数词，加名词加ed构成，如： warmhoarted 热心肠的，whitehaired 白毛的

　　[误] There is an alive fish in the pool.

　　[正] There is a living fish in the pool.

　　[析] 在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语，只能作表语。如：The fish is alive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有：alive, alike, alone, asleep, afraid, awake等。

　　[误] The ill man nearly died.

　　[正] The sick man nearly died.

　　[析] ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病，而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如：He is ill sick, ill作定语时则另有他意，如：ill luck (厄运)，ill nature(天性恶劣)，ill temper(心绪不好)

　　[误] I have important something to tell you.

　　[正] I have something important to tell you.

　　[析] 不定代词something, anyone, somebody…在用形容词修饰时，形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词，不符合上述规律。如：I have an important thing to tell you.

　　[误] I'll be free on next Sunday.

　　[正] I'll be free next Sunday.

　　[析] 在表达将来时的时候：next Sunday, next week, next year或last Sunday last week, last year前都不加介词。

　　[误] The girl is twoyear old.

　　[正] The girl is two years old.

　　[正] She is a twoyearold girl

　　[析] 由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词，在学习时要记住两点，其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式，如：twothousandword report(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语，即用于名词之前，而不能作表语。

　　[误] The foreigners like those little beautiful Chinese paintings.

　　[正] The foreigners like those beautiful little Chinese paintings.

　　[析] 在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时，其顺序如下。

　　1. 指示代词，定冠词 2. 数量词 3. 性质词 4. 大小 5. 形状 6. 老少，新旧 7. 颜色 8. 材料

　　但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。

　　如： What a pretty little white horse!

　　Those first few short English stories were not difficult to understand.

　　[误] The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.

　　[正] The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.

　　[析] good是形容词，这里是修饰动词speak的，所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如：He is well.(他身体很好)。He is good.(他是个好人)。

　　[误] The children play on the grass nappyly.

　　[正] The children play on the grass happily

　　[析] 多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.

　　[误] The teacher looked angry at the students.

　　[正] The teacher looked angrily at the students.

　　[析] 英语中感观动词后面要接形容词，这时它是修饰主语的，如：The food smells good.食物闻起来很香。The teacher looked angry 老师看起来很生气。 而此句的意思为："老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。

　　[误] He worked with me friendly.

　　[正] He was friendly to me.

　　[析] 不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词，但friendly是形容词，这样的词还有lovely, lonely, costly, lively…monthly weekly…但其中有些词既是副词，又是形容词，如：early, hourly, monthly…

　　[误] You can speak free in front of your friends.

　　[正] You can speak freely in front of your friends.

　　[析] free作为形容词意为"自由的，有空闲的，免费的".作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的，随便的".这些要注意的词还 有： hard 努力，艰苦 hardly 几乎不 late 迟，晚 lately 最近的，最新的 near 近 nearly 几乎 like 像 likely 几乎

　　[误] They must have arrived till now.

　　[正] They must have arrived by now.

　　[析] by now是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生，所以应用瞬间动词。而till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在，所以一定要用持续性动词。 must have+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。

　　[误] Someone called you right now.

　　[正] Someone called you just now.

　　[析] just now有两个意思，其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而right now只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态，如： I have just finished my homework.

　　[误] My father will be back from America at present.

　　[正] My father will be back from America presently.

　　[析] presently有两个意思：其一是最近，不久，其二在美语中是现在之意，与at present相同。而for the present为暂时，如： I teach English in the school for the present.

　　[误] I'll be back at the moment.

　　[正] I'll be back in a moment.

　　[析] at the moment 其意为"现在，当时",而in a moment意为"马上过一会",与in a minute意思相近。

　　[误] The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time.

　　[正] The train from Shanghai will arrive here on time.

　　[析] on time为"准时",而in time有两个含意。其一是"及时",如：The doctor arrived in time.其二是"将来，终究".

　　[误] I met an old friend sometimes last month.

　　[正] I met an old friend sometime last month.

　　[析] Sometime 过去，或者将来某时。 Sometimes 有时

　　如： Sometimes I go to school by bus.Some time 一些时间

　　如： I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 几次

　　如： I went to Shanghai sometimes this month.

　　at times 有时，偶尔

　　at all times 经常

　　some other time 改天

　　[误] I had met an old friend three days ago.

　　[正] I had met an old friend three days before.

　　[正] I met an old friend three days ago.

　　* ago 用在时间状语中时，主句中谓语动词一般用过去时，而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。

　　[误] He studied very hard. and at the end he passed the exam.

　　[正] He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam.

　　[析] in the end=at last 意为"最终，终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而at the end是在某事的结束时如何如何，如：At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books.

　　[误] I will come here to help you each three days.

　　[正] I will come here to help you every three days.

　　[析] every three days 为"每三天",即每隔二天，而every other day为每隔一天。

　　[误] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday. and I didn't go, too.

　　[正] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday and I didn't go either.

　　[析] 英语中表示"也",有4个字，also, as well, too, either,但either用于否定句中，而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与as well一般要用在句尾，而also则可用于句中。如：She went to the party and her boy friend went there too. 又如： I've also read her other novels.

　　[误] We should help the poor girl in anyway.

　　[正] We should help the poor girl in any way.

　　[析] anyway为"不管怎么"讲，"无论如何",如：What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt.

　　any way 为"任何方式".这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中，如：

　　everyday 日常的 every day 每天

　　faraway 遥远的 far away 远离

　　altogether 总计 all together 一块，大家一起

　　already 已经 all ready 全准备好了

　　[误] You can come to the doctor's at anytime.

　　[正] You can come to the doctor's at any time.

　　[析] anytime 是副词 而any time中的time是名词。

　　[误] She said nearly nothing.

　　[正] She said almost nothing.

　　[析] nearly 与 almost的含意相近，在很多场合可以互换，但在否定词前用almost.

　　[误] There are too much mistakes in your homework.

　　[正] There are too many mistakes in your homework.

　　[析] too much 后接不可数名词，如：There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可数名词，much too 后面加形容词，如：It is much too difficult to learn English well.

　　[误] It is late enough that we can go home now.

　　[正] It is late enough for us to go home now.

　　[析] 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式，或不定式的复合结构：for somebody to do something.

　　[误] The twins are very alike.

　　[正] The twins are much alike.

　　[析] 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰，一般要用much来修饰。

　　[误] - How long does he write to his parents?

　　- Once a week.

　　[正] - How often does he write to his parents?

　　- Once a week.

　　[析] 英文与中文表达法不同，隔多长时间办一次某事，实际上问的是该事发生的频率，所以要用how often.

　　[误] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call up you.

　　[正] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call you up.

　　[析] 当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后，如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。 如：I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以讲： Please turn the TV on.

　　[误] He drove quickly his new car.

　　[正] He drove his new car quickly.

　　[析] 副词在句中的位置很活，但主要有以下几种用法：①实意动词之前，如：He quickly give me the answer. ② 在be动词之后，如：The little boy is often late for class. ③ 第一助动词之后，如：This book has almost been finished. ④ 在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前，如： Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can. 但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间，如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词

　　词组作宾语则才可以这样用：

　　He heard clearly what the teacher said.

　　[误] The children came late yesterday to the cinema.

　　[正] The children came late to the cinema yesterday.

　　[析] 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中，可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。

　　[误] You have few new books, haven't you?

　　[正] you have few new books, have you?

　　[析] 英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少，几乎没有)，a few(有一些，几个);修饰不可数名词的有little (很少，几乎没有)，a little(有一点，有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句，而 a few 和a little 用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。

　　[误] He spent quite little money on his food.

　　[正] He spent quite a little money on his food.

　　[析] quite a 为一固定用法，其意为"十分，相当，所以". quite a few=many, quite a little=much 而only a little=little, only a few=few.

　　[误] Do you want to have many bread?

　　[正] Do you want to have some bread?

　　[析] some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词，在一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于疑问句和否定句，但在希望得到肯定答复时，应用some. 其次是some 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。

　　[误] Please tell me where the shoes shop is?

　　[正] Please tell me where the shoe shop is.

　　[析] 在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时，这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式，如：

　　a shoe shop 鞋店

　　a fruit shop 水果店

　　a book shop 书店

　　a post office 邮局

　　a police station 警察局

　　a bus stop 汽车站

　　[误] He is weak at physics.

　　[正] He is weak in physics.

　　[析] 在表达擅长于作某事时用be good at something, 而其反意词为be bad at something, 但be weak in something.

　　[误] This dictionary is worth to buy.

　　[正] This dictionary is worth buying.

　　[析] be worth 后可接动、名词表达值得作某事，又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。

　　[误] Don't afraid of that.

　　[正] Don't be afraid of that.

　　[析] afraid 在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有：

　　be afraid of 害怕 be careful of 小心

　　be certain of 有把握，确定 be sure of 确信

　　be glad of 高兴 be sick of 厌恶

　　be fond of 喜欢

　　[误] The work has already been done well.

　　[正] The work has already been well done.

　　[析] well 与badly作副词时，表示好坏，如果句子是被动语态，则应放在过去分词之前，如：This machine has been badly damaged. 如果句子是主动语态，则应放于句末，如：I did my homework well.

　　[误] We are yet in the classroom now.

　　[正] We are already in the classroom now.

　　[析] already主要用于肯定句，而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中，如：

　　Did you finish it? No. not yet.

　　[误] Look. Here comes he!

　　[正] Look! Here he comes!

　　[误] Look! Here the bus comes!

　　[正] Look! Here comes the bus!

　　[析] 在句子开头用Here时，如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序，如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。

　　[误] She is my older sister.

　　[正] She is my elder sister.

　　[析] elder 和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，而older, oldest 则是指岁数大多少，如：She is three years older than I.

　　[误] I'm tired. I can't go further.

　　[正] I'm tired. I can't go farther.

　　[析] far有两个比较级 farther 较远的，further 进一步的，如：Do you need any further explanation? 你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.

　　[误] I went to Beijing University five years before.

　　[正] I went to Beijing University five years ago.

　　[析] ago常与过去时连用，而before则多与完成时连用。

　　[误] - Have you finished your homework?

　　- No, not already.

　　[正] - Have you finished your homework?

　　- No, not yet.

　　[析] 仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already, yet 与 still. 要注意的是 already经常用于肯定句中，如The bus has already gone. 而yet 多用于疑问句和否定句中，如：Have you finished your homework yet? 而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间，如：We still can't decide what to do. 但也有时用于be 动词之后，如：He is still here.

　　[误] He is very higher than I am.

　　[正] He is much higher than I am.

　　[析] much可以用来修饰比较级，而very则用来修饰形容词原级，如：I'm very tired.

　　[误] - Can I walk to the station?- You'd better not. It is very far.

　　[正] - Can I walk to the station?

　　- You'd better not, It is a long way.

　　[析] for一般用在疑问句与否定句中，如：How far is it from here to the station? 又如：It isn't far.

　　[误] I've ever been to America.

　　[正] I've been to America once.

　　[析] once 多用于肯定句，而ever则用于疑问句，否定句，及条件状语从句中，如：Have you ever been to London?

　　[误] - Could you pass the exam this time?

　　- No, I am not afraid so.

　　[正] - Could you pass the exam this time?

　　- No, I'm afraid not.

　　[析] 在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件，如：Do you think she is a good student? Yes I think so, /I hope so, /I believe so/ I'm afraid so.但在否定的答语中，英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同，如，I don't think so 而在hope, belive 与 afraid后则常用not, 如：I hope not.

　　[误] She didn't work enough hard, so she couldn't pass the exam.

　　[正] She didn't work hard enough, so she couldn't pass the exam.

　　[析] enough 可以作名词用，如：Enough has been said for how to learn English well. (对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。) 另外它可以作为形容词，如：I have enough money (or money enough) to buy this dictionary. 注意 enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后，在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough 作为副词用，那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。

　　[误] You can't be very careful.

　　[正] You can't be too careful.

　　[析] 此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事".但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去，如：It is too expensive for me.那对我来讲是太贵了。

　　[误] He is good past fifty.

　　[正] He is well past fifty.

　　[析] well 作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地",等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;

　　He is well.

　　He is good.

　　其实这两句都是正确的表达法，只不过其含意不同。He is well是"他身体不错",而He is good 则为"他是个好人".

　　[误] She is not as half clever as her brother.

　　[正] She is not half as clever as her brother.

　　[析] 在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly, almost, exactly… 等置于第一个as之前。

　　[误] He is same age as Tom.

　　[正] He is the same age as Tom.

　　[析] the same…as是固定的用法，其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。

　　[误] Mother and her daughter are exactly like.

　　[正] Mother and her daughter are exactly alike.

　　* like 作为介词，其意为"像",应用于 look like, be like, sound like, 其后要加宾语。而 alike 是形容词，或副词，如： You and I think alike. The twins are dressed alike. 但 alike 仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。

　　[误] Who is taller of the two?

　　[正] Who is the taller of the two?

　　[析] 两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。

　　[误] I have less books than Tom.

　　[正] I have fewer books than Tom.

　　[析] less 是 little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。

　　[误] There are three girls in my group. The cleverer is Mary.

　　[正] There are three girls in my group. The cleverest is Mary.

　　[析] 在两者之间应用比较级，在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。

　　[误] The boy sat there as quiet as his sister.

　　[正] The boy sat there as quietly as his sister.

　　[析] as…as的用法要注意的是：①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级，而不可加比较级，也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词，这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定，如：He is as good as his friend.

　　[误] The harder you study, and you can learn more.

　　[正] The harder you study, the more you can learn.

　　[析] 英文中如果要表达越来越怎样，在初中范围有两种表达法：①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……，如：The nights are getting longer and longer. 要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more,这样的用法是：more and more 加形容词，如：The girl is growing more and more beautiful.

　　[误] Studying physics is not so interesting as to learn English.

　　[正] Studying physics is not so interesting as learning English.

　　[析] 在作比较时，英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词，应都用动名词，用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。 如：To repair the old one is as much expensive as (to) buy a new one.

　　[误] The girl is more cleverer than the boy.

　　[正] The girl is much more clever (much cleverer) than the boy.

　　[析] clever有两个比较级：cleverer和more clever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。 clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处，如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用more clever,如：He is more clever than honest. (他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)

　　[析] The boy is the tallest to the three.

　　[正] The boy is the tallest of the three.

　　[析] 最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。

　　[误] This book is one of the most useful dictionary.

　　[正] This book is one of the most useful dictionaries.

　　[析] 在one of 后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。

　　[误] This dictionary is the much best one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries.

　　[正] This dictionary is much the best one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries.

　　[析] 在修饰最高级时应用 far/by far/much 加the加最高级。但very例外，如：He is the very best player in the team.

　　[误] Shanghai is bigger than any other cities in China.

　　[正] Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.

　　[析] 在比较级中表示比较对象时如用any other其后一般要加单数名词。

　　[误] Most of stories in this book are written in English.

　　[正] Most of the stories in this book are written in English.

　　[正] Most stories in this book are written in English.

　　[析] "大多数"一词的表达法有most of the +名词，或most+名词。当用前一种结构时，其后面的定冠词不可少。

　　[误] The temperature of that room is higher than this room.

　　[正] The temperature of that room is higher than that of this room.

　　[析] 比较级用于两句话之间时，比较的部分不可省略掉，但为了避免重复，一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词，而用those代替前面的复数名词，如：The books in that box are bigger than those in this box.

　　[误] He is no more here. Maybe he is at home.

　　[正] He is no longer here. Maybe he is at home.

　　[析] no more在现代英语中多译为："从此再也不会了",如：His voice is no more here. 他已经去世了，他的声音不可能再出现了。而用no longer 表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意： This room is no cleaner than that one.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净) This room is not cleaner than that one,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净，一间不干净。)

　　(三) 例题解析

　　1 I think Chinese is ___ than maths.

　　A. interesting B more interesting

　　C. most interesting D. the most interesting

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。

　　2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing?

　　- Singing. of course. She's known to ___ it.

　　A. be good at B. be good for

　　C. be bad at D. be bad for

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] be good at为固定搭配，意为"擅长作某事".初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢，而不能似是而非。如： be good at, be bad at, be poor in, be week in, be fit for

　　3 The Huang He River is one of ___ in China.

　　A. The long river B. the longest river

　　C. the longest rivers D. the longer river

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 在one of + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。

　　4 The girl was ___ afraid ___ she threw her bag away.

　　A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何",此句意思是：小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何，以至于不能作某事".但to的后面是动词原形，而不是从句。

　　5 It was ___ yesterday than today.

　　A. hot B. hoter

　　C. hotter D. the hottest

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 .

　　6 Which subject do you like ___ , English Chinese or maths?

　　A. best B. well

　　C. better D. good

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。

　　7 None of the students watched it ___ .

　　A. careful enough B. enough carefully

　　C. carefully enough D. enough careful

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词，应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。

　　8 ___ she eats, ___ she'll be.

　　A. More…fat B. The more…fatter

　　C. More…the fatter D. The more…the fatter

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。

　　9 I don't think English is ___ Chinese.

　　A. as important as B. not important as

　　C. not so important D. important as

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，"我认为你不对",英文应为："我不认为你对". I don't think you are right. 所以不能选答案B.而C、D均为不正确的表达法。

　　10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher. The students in her class ___ English.A. are interested in B. are interesting in

　　C. are interested at D. are interesting to

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 过去分词常用来修饰人，而现在分词常用来修饰物，如：an interesting book, 实际上过去分词含有被动之意，如：interested 其含意是"被……所吸引，感动".而interesting 则为"使人感兴趣的",如：an interesting man 一个有趣、风趣的人。

　　11 The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel ___ .

　　A. alone B. lonely

　　C. happily D. friendly

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] alone意为"独自的，一个人的",它只能作表语不能作定语。I am not alone in doing such a thing.而lonely 意为"寂寞的，孤单的",如：The old man felt lonely. 要体会两个词的区别，如：The old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely.

　　12 What a ___ cough! You seem ___ ill.

　　A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible

　　C. terrible, terrible D. terribly, terribly

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] terrible是形容词，而terribly是副词，第一个空是修饰名词的，所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词，这里terribly 是用来修饰ill的。

　　13 The two friends were ___ pleased to see each other that they forgot everything. A. so B. too

　　C. very D. much

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。

　　14 Which is ___ , Li Lei's box or Han Meimei's box?

　　A. heavy B. heavier

　　C. more heavier D. the heaviest

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] 两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。

　　15 You don't like the same colours and I don't like them, ___ .

　　A. too B. also

　　C. either D. neither

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 在否定句中也应用either, 而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。

　　16 Jim is ___ at all his lessons. And I'm sure he'll do very ___ in the exams.

　　A. well, good B. good, well

　　C. well, well D. good, good

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] good为形容词，如：He is good. 他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词，如：He is well为他身体不错，而作为其他意思时为副词，如：He speaks English well.

　　17 You look ___ than before, why?

　　A. more thin B. more thinner

　　C. much more thin D. much thinner

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为thinner.

　　18 Let's go out for supper now. I'm very ___ .

　　A. hungry B. angry

　　C. tired D. thirsty

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] hungry-饿，angry-生气，tired-紧，疲劳，thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。

　　19 - Can you understand me?

　　- Sorry, I can ___ understand you.

　　A. hardly B. almost

　　C. even D. ever

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] hardly为一否定词，用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白",所以只能选 hardly.

　　20 "___ do you write to your penfriend?"

　　"About twice a month."

　　A. How often B. How soon

　　C. How much D. How long

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] how often用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次，也就是提问发生的频率。how soon是问从现在起还有多久。

　　21 Changjiang River is ___ river in China 

　　A. long B. longer

　　C. longest D. the longest

　　[答案] D.

　　22 I'll work ___ I can.

　　A. so hardly as B. so hard as

　　C. as hardly as D. as hard as

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] hard可用作形容词和副词，如：The desk was made of hard wood 又如：It is raining hard. 而 hardly 是副词，其词义是"几乎不",如：Hardly did I sleep last night. 我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句，但so…as则只能用于否定句中。

　　23 It is very ___ to listen to him.

　　A. interested B. interesting

　　C. interested in D. interest

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] interest作为名词有两个词义，①兴趣，②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词 interesting是"使人感兴趣的",而interested是"感兴趣的"如：He is interested in English.

　　24 Things are ___ worse than I thought.

　　A. more B. few

　　C. very D. much

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 只有much可以修饰比较级。

　　25 It is one o'clock, but her father hasn't come back ___ .

　　A. already B. still

　　C. too D. yet

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] 完成时的否定句尾要用yet, 而already则用于肯定句。

　　26 Comrade Chen is ___ older than I. 

　　A. very B. more

　　C. much D. quite

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much, far, even a little, by far等。

　　27 She did her homework ___ .

　　A. carefully B. careful

　　C. care D. careless

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 这里应填入副词，而careless是由care加less后辍得来的，less意为"没有",是否定之意，如：careless-不小心，homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。

　　28 They can't answer the question in Japanese; we can't answer it, ___ .A. also B. too

　　C. either D. neither

　　[答案] C.

　　29 - How are your parents?

　　- They are very ___ , thank you.

　　A. good B. kind

　　C. well D. happy

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 由问句得知其询问的是身体如何，所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。 30 Peter runs ___ in our class.

　　A. the fast B. faster

　　C. fastest D. most fast

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] 副词的最高级前可以加定冠词，也可以不加定冠词。

　　31 We were all ___ glad that we sang and danced.

　　A. such B. so

　　C. very D. quite

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] 在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such.

　　32 Kate sings ___ Joan.

　　A. as well as B. as good as

　　C. so good as D. as better as

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] 这里well为副词，意为"唱得好".

　　33 This egg smells ___ , though it looks all right.

　　A. good B. well

　　C. bad D badly

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] smell为系动词，其后应加形容词，而不是副词。同样的词，还有sound, feel, seem、become(变成)等等，如：Ice feels cold in winter.

　　34 Wait a minute, I have ___ to tell you.

　　A. something interested B. something interesting

　　C. interesting something D. anything interesting

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] 修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。

　　35 I shall visit you ___ next year.

　　A. sometimes B. sometime

　　C. some time D. some times

　　[答案] B.

　　[析] sometimes 有时，sometime 某一时刻，some time 一段时间， some times 若干次

　　36 My sister said she would try to speak ___ English every day.

　　A. a little B. a few

　　C. litttle D. few

　　[答案] A.

　　[析] little修饰不可数名词，而a little意为"一些，一点".

　　37 I have ___ friends here and I often visit them.

　　A. few B. little

　　C. a few D. a little

　　[答案] C.

　　[析] a few意为"有些",few后面要加可数名词复数。

　　38 Of all these books, do you think, which one is ___ ?

　　A. interesting B. much interesting

　　C. more interesting D. the most interesting

　　[答案] D.

　　[析] Of all these books 是用来表示最高级的范围

　　2012年小学英语教师备考知识：形容词和副词

　　四、 形容词、副词

　　(一) 知识概要

　　形容词的用法很活跃，在英语中用处也很多，但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同，要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可 数名词的词和词组归纳如下：many, no, several, some, a few, a lot, lots, plenty, plenty of, a lot of, a large number of, enough.而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下：much, no, some, a lot, a great deal, lots, plenty, a lot of, plenty of. 其中some, no, a lot of, plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。 英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分，其规则如下：

　　构词法 原 级 比较级 最高级 加er,或est Tall

　　young taller

　　younger

　　tallest

　　youngest

　　只加r或st nice

　　large

　　nicer

　　larger

　　nicest

　　largest

　　重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写该字母加er、est big

　　fat

　　hot

　　bigger

　　fatter

　　hotter

　　biggest

　　fattest

　　hottest

　　不规则变化的形容词或副词：

　　原 级 比较级 最高级

　　good better best

　　Well better best

　　bad worse worst

　　badly worse worst

　　many more most

　　most more most

　　little less lest

　　far farther

　　further

　　farthest

　　furthest

　　old older

　　elder

　　oldest

　　eldest

　　要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词，如：back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词，其规律如下：

　　构词法 形容词 副 词

　　一般加ly Careful

　　kind

　　carefully

　　kindly

　　尾是y时将y变成i加ly Happy

　　busy

　　easy

　　Happily

　　busily

　　easily

　　其 他 true

　　terrible

　　full

　　possible

　　shy

　　whole

　　truly

　　terribly

　　fully

　　possibly

　　shyly

　　wholly

　　在学习过程中要注意其变化。

　　此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有：much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有：the very, much the, far等。

　　(二) 正误辨析

　　[误] The young likes playing football very much.

　　[正] The young like playing football very much.

　　[析] 定冠词加形容词表示一类人，应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数，如：The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。

　　[误] The danger has gone, so the worst are over.

　　[正] The danger has gone, so the worst is over.

　　[析] 意为："危险已经过去，最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。

　　[误] It is the gold age of the young.

　　[正] It is the golden age of the young.

　　[析] golden在英语中多用于比喻，如：golden hair金发，gulden voice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的，如：a gold bar金条，a gold coin金币，但gold fish 金鱼例外。

　　[误] She is a warm heart woman.

　　[正] She is a warmhearted woman.

 

 

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